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The United Nations was founded in 1945, as the Second World War was ending, to keep international peace and security. Delegates of 50 countries signed its Charter in San Francisco on 26 June, and the UN came into being on 24 October.

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The San Francisco Conference ran from 25 April to 26 June 1945 and brought together about 850 delegates. They reworked a draft agreed the year before at Dumbarton Oaks, in Washington, by the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and China. Poland missed the conference because its post-war government had not yet been formed; it signed in October and counts as the 51st founding member. Turkey was among the 50 countries that signed in June. The Charter came into force on 24 October 1945, once those four powers, France and a majority of the other signatories had ratified it, and that date is now marked every year as United Nations Day. The name had been suggested by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and first appeared in the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942. Today the UN has 193 member states.

Türkçe oku
Birleşmiş Milletler, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sona ererken uluslararası barışı ve güvenliği korumak için 1945'te kuruldu. 50 ülkenin temsilcileri BM Şartı'nı 26 Haziran'da San Francisco'da imzaladı; örgüt 24 Ekim'de resmen hayata geçti.

San Francisco Konferansı 25 Nisan–26 Haziran 1945 tarihleri arasında toplandı ve yaklaşık 850 delegeyi bir araya getirdi. Delegeler, bir yıl önce Washington'daki Dumbarton Oaks'ta ABD, Birleşik Krallık, Sovyetler Birliği ve Çin'in üzerinde anlaştığı taslağı yeniden ele aldı. Savaş sonrası hükûmeti henüz kurulmadığı için Polonya konferansa katılamadı; Şart'ı ekimde imzaladı ve 51. kurucu üye sayıldı. Türkiye, haziranda imza atan 50 ülke arasındaydı. Şart, bu dört büyük güç, Fransa ve öteki imzacıların çoğunluğu onayladıktan sonra 24 Ekim 1945'te yürürlüğe girdi; bu tarih her yıl Birleşmiş Milletler Günü olarak kutlanır. Örgütün adını ABD Başkanı Franklin D. Roosevelt önermişti; ad ilk kez 1 Ocak 1942 tarihli Birleşmiş Milletler Bildirisi'nde geçti. Bugün örgütün 193 üyesi var.

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