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DriveNutrition fact

Protein helps with satiety, the feeling of fullness that lasts after a meal. Meals that include beans and lentils, eggs, fish, dairy or other protein sources can help people feel full for longer, although appetite and digestion vary from person to person.

NHS

Health

The story behind the card

In studies that compare meals with the same number of calories, the higher-protein version usually keeps people satisfied for longer, although the effect is modest. One reason is that protein prompts the gut to release more of the hormone PYY, which tells the brain that food has arrived; a 2006 study led by Rachel Batterham at University College London found the strongest PYY response after high-protein meals. Another is that the body works harder to process protein: a 2004 review by the Maastricht University physiologist Klaas Westerterp reports that digesting and using it burns 20 to 30% of its calories, against 5 to 10% for carbohydrate and up to 3% for fat. UK guidance puts adults' needs at about 0.75 g of protein per kilogram of body weight a day, around 45 g for women and 56 g for men, and average intakes are well above that.

Türkçe oku
Protein, yemekten sonraki tokluk hissinin uzun sürmesine yardım eder. Fasulye ve mercimek gibi baklagiller, yumurta, balık, süt ürünleri ya da başka protein kaynakları içeren öğünler insanı daha uzun süre tok tutabilir; ama iştah ve sindirim kişiden kişiye değişir.

Aynı miktarda kalori içeren öğünleri karşılaştıran araştırmalarda, proteini yüksek olan öğün insanı genellikle daha uzun süre tok tutuyor; ama etki sınırlı. Bunun bir nedeni, proteinin bağırsakta PYY hormonunun salgılanmasını artırmasıdır; bu hormon beyne yemeğin geldiğini haber verir. University College London'dan Rachel Batterham'ın yönettiği 2006 tarihli bir araştırma, en güçlü PYY tepkisinin proteinli öğünlerden sonra görüldüğünü buldu. Bir başka neden, vücudun proteini işlerken daha çok çalışmasıdır. Maastricht Üniversitesi'nden fizyolog Klaas Westerterp'in 2004 tarihli derlemesine göre protein sindirilip kullanılırken içerdiği kalorinin %20 ile %30'u harcanır; bu oran karbonhidratta %5 ile %10, yağda ise en fazla %3'tür. Birleşik Krallık'ta yetişkinlere günde vücut ağırlığının her kilogramı için yaklaşık 0,75 gram protein önerilir; bu, kadınlar için 45, erkekler için 56 gram kadardır. Ülkede ortalama tüketim ise bunun epey üzerindedir.

Sources and further reading

Background reading: Protein (nutrient)
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